Implementation of a Smoking Cessation Treatment Study at Substance Abuse Rehabilitation Programs: Smoking Behavior and Treatment Feasibility Across

Implementation of a Smoking Cessation Treatment Study at Substance Abuse Rehabilitation Programs: Smoking Behavior and Treatment Feasibility Across Varied Community-based Outpatient Programs

Malcolm S. Reid, PhD, Bryan Fallon, PhD, Susan Sonne, PharmD, Edward V. Nunes, MD,
Jennifer Lima, MPH, Huiping Jiang, PhD, Clare Tyson, MS, Robert Hiott, MEd, Cynthia Arfken, PhD,
Rhonda Bohs, PhD, Deborah Orr, PhD, Joan Muir, PhD, Eric Pihlgren, PhD, Amy Loree, BA,
Brett E. Fuller, PhD, Louis Giordano, PhD, James Robinson, MEd, and John Rotrosen, MD

Abstract:
Cigarette smoking is widely prevalent among individuals
in treatment for drug or alcohol dependence; however, the treatment
of nicotine addiction in this population has numerous obstacles at
both programmatic and patient levels. Despite these difficulties,
recent studies have demonstrated moderate success in implementing
smoking cessation treatment in drug rehabilitation programs. The
National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network sponsored
a smoking cessation study in 13 community-based outpatient sub-
stance abuse rehabilitation programs across the country. The study
evaluated the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatment provided
as an adjunct to substance abuse treatment-as-usual. This report
summarizes the practical and clinical experiences encountered at
each of the study sites with regard to implementing the smoking
cessation treatment intervention. Smoking behavior of the treatment
clientele was assessed by anonymous survey at each site. In addi-
tion, sites were systematically characterized by using program re-
view and assessment tools completed by the respective staff and
program directors at the site. Survey and recruitment data indicated treatment is more feasible, in methadone maintenance treatment
programs. Other factors associated with smoking behavior and with
the recruitment of drug- and alcohol-dependent individuals into the
smoking cessation treatment study are described.
Key Words: smoking cessation, survey, methadone, feasibility
(J Addict Med 2007;1: 154–160)

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